Paris (France) (AFP) – Brazil, organizer of the last COP30, urged this Tuesday to accelerate the exit from fossil fuels according to the circumstances of each country in the world, by publishing the roadmap promised at the last climate summit.

First modification: 03/11/2026 - 17:15

The South American power released its document a few days before the COP31 in Antalya, scheduled to take place in this Turkish city from November 9 to 20, where delegations from nearly 200 countries will meet.

The text is an attempt to realize the momentum created with the historic declaration of the COP in Dubai, in 2023, in favor of a progressive exit from fossil fuels.

This commitment did not appear at the close of the Belém summit last year, due to pressure from hydrocarbon-producing countries. But in exchange, the Brazilian presidency announced that it would promote this voluntary initiative, consulting widely with governments, companies and researchers.

"Exiting fossil fuels is urgent" and "possible," the 182-page document states.

The text "does not create new commitments" nor is it the fruit of a negotiation. Nor does it mention or evaluate individual countries.

Instead, it proposes a schematic methodology that establishes different levels of exposure, depending on the greater or lesser dependence of countries as consumers and producers.

In the case of producing countries, it recommends reviewing subsidies for fuel consumption, training workers to change sectors and obtaining a sufficient fiscal cushion with which to finance diversification.

In the specific case of highly dependent countries as consumers, it shows you step by step what to do to progressively satisfy your demand for affordable wind and solar energy.

"It is written so that each country recognizes its own circumstances in the analysis" proposed, and acts appropriately "in this critical decade," the report says.

- Food production at risk -

"Where Brazil is is very different from where Guyana, Norway, the United States or Canada are," Ana Toni, executive director of COP30, said at an event in Brazil.

"Each of these countries has a type of fossil fuel," which requires different transitions in each case, insisted Toni, one of the main promoters of the document, which had contributions from more than 100 countries.

According to him, the "new" document will be discussed on November 10 in Antalya, before the leaders' summit scheduled for the following two days, but he did not specify in what framework.

"It is now up to the COP31 Presidency to continue Brazil's work, and for countries to show their own plans" towards "clean and resilient economies," commented Katrine Petersen, an expert at the E3G think tank.

The report insists on the historical urgency of the moment, with a 75% chance that global warming will exceed the 1.5ºC objective established in the 2015 Paris Agreement in the next five years.

A dangerous scenario, which can also be felt on the food side.

"Without effective adaptation" to the effects of climate change, "global food production could fall by up to 14% by 2050" and threaten the food security of millions of people, the document states.

Oil, gas and coal account for 73% of greenhouse gas emissions.

In parallel, Brazil presented another roadmap to stop and reverse deforestation worldwide between now and 2030.

The document was published days after the re-election of leftist president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

Under his third term, annual deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon - from August 2025 to July 2026 - reached its lowest level since historical records began in 1988.

In this event, the host Türkiye has set the electrification of the economy as one of its priorities, to reduce emissions and increase energy efficiency.

The objective, set voluntarily, is for electricity to reach a 35% share of global energy consumption by 2035, compared to the current 23%.

© 2026 AFP

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